With the rapid increase in the range of available 3D printing materials in dentistry, perhaps the most crucial factor for a laboratory looking to produce a product through 3D printing is maintaining an open line of communication with the dental practitioners they work with. Depending on the application, a 3D printer can sometimes produce a superior product. However, in some cases, reaching a mutual agreement may be necessary. Taking into account the standards and preferences of both the dentist and the patient is the best approach when making decisions. Moreover, advancements in material development continue to make 3D printing increasingly beneficial.
Which Applications Are Best Suited for 3D Printing?
Labs aim to integrate 3D printers into their daily workflow as much as possible. The most common applications of this method include modeling, surgical guides, full dentures, night guards, and temporary prostheses such as All-on-X restorations. With digital prostheses, experience has shown that the bases of printed prostheses tend to have a higher level of predictability and suitability compared to those produced using milling methods. This is due to the limitations in milling when it comes to cutting around severe undercuts. Although we strongly consider the aesthetic differences between the bases produced by both methods, the success observed with 3D printed prostheses continues to push us toward this approach. Studies indicate that some 3D printed denture bases exhibit flexibility equal to or greater than that of analog prostheses. It is important to note, however, that strength tests conducted outside the mouth do not always reflect the effects of heat and moisture within the oral cavity. Additionally, the ability to finish and color a 3D printed base with composite materials for enhanced aesthetics is another factor to consider.
Other Applications: Night Guards, Dentures, and Permanent Crowns
Specific materials designed for night guards are available on the market and are highly functional. The use of these materials depends on the preferences of the dentists and patients being served. Some customers prefer soft products, which can only be achieved through vacuum-forming methods. When it comes to dentures and permanent restorations, some labs, particularly those using 3D printing, adhere to evidence-based practices. It is advisable to avoid unverified materials when using 3D printing for dentures and restorations. The use of 3D printed materials for permanent crowns and bridges depends on the specific case and the patient being treated.
How Important Is It to Follow Proper Protocols and Guidelines for 3D Printing?
It has been proven that resins in their uncured state are highly toxic, and thus must be handled with caution. While it may be tempting to produce aesthetically pleasing and functional products without strictly adhering to safety protocols, this can be dangerous. For example, using an unauthorized curing box or light intensity may result in a product that looks acceptable to the naked eye but could release harmful micro-toxins due to improper curing. Studies show that improperly printed resins (even unintentionally by a technician) can expose patients to a range of potential health risks, even though the technician’s initial intention was to help patients lead better lives.
